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　　阅读理解

　　Reading Comprehension

　　Directions:

　　Read the following three texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers.

　　Passage 1

　　U. S.-led occupation authorities have begun a secret campaign to recruit and train agents with the once-dreaded Iraqi intelligence service to help identify resistance to American forces here after months of increasingly sophisticated attacks and bombings, according to U.S. and Iraqi officials.

　　The extraordinary move to recruit agents of former president’s security services demonstrates a growing recognition among U.S. officials that American military forces—already stretched thin—cannot alone prevent attacks like the devastating truck bombing of the U.N. headquarters recently, the officials said.

　　Authorities have stepped up the recruitment over the past two weeks, one senior U.S. official said, despite sometimes firm objections by members of the U.S.-appointed Iraqi Governing Council, who complain that they have too little control over the pool of recruits. While U.S. officials acknowledge the sensitivity of cooperating with a force that embodied the ruthlessness of the overthrown president’s rule, they assert that an urgent need for better and more precise intelligence has forced unusual compromises.

　　“The only way you can combat terrorism is through intelligence,” the senior official said. “It’s the only way you’re going to stop these people from doing what they’re doing.” He added: “Without Iraqi input, that’s not going to work.”

　　Officials are reluctant to disclose how many former agents have been recruited since the effort began. But Iraqi officials say they number anywhere from dozens to a few hundred, and U.S. officials acknowledge that the recruitment is extensive.

　　“We’re reaching out very widely,” said one official with the U.S.-led administration, who like most spoke on condition of anonymity because of sensitivity over questions of intelligence and sources.

　　Added a Western diplomat: “There is an obvious evolution in American thinking. First the police are reconstituted, then the army. It is logical that intelligence officials from the regime would also be recruited.”

　　Officials say the first line of intelligence-gathering remains the Iraqi police, who number 6,500 in Baghdad and 33,000 nationwide. But that force is hampered in intelligence work by a lack of credibility with a belief-broken public, and its numbers remain far below what U.S. officials say they need to bring order to an unruly capital. Across Iraq, walk-in informers have provided tips on weapons hidings and locations of suspected guerrillas, but many Iraqis dismiss those reports as occasional and sometimes motivated by a desire for personal gain.

　　The emphasis in recruitment appears to be on the intelligence service known as the Mukhabarat, one of four branches in the former security service, although it is not the only target for the U.S. effort. The Mukhabarat, whose name itself inspired fear in ordinary Iraqis, was the foreign intelligence service, the most sophisticated of the four.

　　1.America’s attitude towards Iraqi intelligence was one of( ).

　　A. disgust

　　B. hatred

　　C.fear

　　D. resent

　　2.The word “devastating” (Line 3, Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to ( ).

　　A. destructive

　　B. regretful

　　C. frustrating

　　D. terrible

　　3.The U.S. officials consider the nature of the recruitments of former security services ( ).

　　A. give-ins to the bombing

　　B. setbacks of US-led administration

　　C. examples of US-Iraqi cooperation

　　D. compromises of some kind

　　4.Which of the following is true regarding the recruitment of the intelligence? ( )

　　A. The new-release people are unwilling to tell anything about themselves.

　　B. It is just a preparatory step for the reconstruction of the Iraqi armed forces.

　　C. The western world as a whole dislikes the idea of reconstruction in this way.

　　D. An obvious connection exists in the reconstructions of the army and the police.

　　5.A large part of the Iraqi people hold information about weapon hidings as ( ).

　　A. fear-inspired

　　B. money-driven

　　C. unreliable

　　D. sophisticated

　　Passage 2

　　The real heroine of the novel stands at one remove to the narrative. On the face of it, readers are more likely to empathize with, and be curious about, the mysterious and resourceful slave, Sarah, who forms one point of an emotional triangle. Sarah is the property of Manon, and came with her to a failing Louisiana sugar plantation on her marriage to the good-for-nothing, bullying owner. But Manon’s husband is soon struck by Sarah, and the proof lies in their idiot small son, Walter.

　　However, the reader is forced to see things through Manon’s eyes, not Sarah’s, and her consciousness is not a comfortable place to be. Never a please or a thank you passes her lips when talking to slaves, though manners is the order of the day in white society. Manon is enormously attracted by inter-racial marriage (for the place and time—the early 19th century—such a concern would not be unusual, but in her case it seems pathological). Walter, with “his father’s curly red hair and green eyes, his mother’s golden skin, her full, pushing-forward lips”, is the object of her especial hatred, but she chatters on about all the “dreadful mixed-blooded”, the objectionable “yellow” people.

　　Beyond Manon’s polarized vision, we glimpse “free negros” and the emerging black middle-class. To Manon’s disgust, such people actually have self-respect. In New Orleans buying shoes, Manon is taken aback by the shopkeeper’s lack of desired respect. Mixed race prostitutes acquired the affections of male planters by giving them something mysterious their wives cannot often What that might be, and why wives can’t offer it too, are questions Manon can’t even ask, let alone answer.

　　The first third of the book explores the uneasy and unsustainable peace between Manon, Sarah and the man always called just “my husband” or “he”. Against the background of violent slave revolts and equally savage revenges, it’s clear the peace cannot last. It’s part of the subtlety of this book that as the story develops and the inevitable explosion occurs, our view of all the characters swiftly changes. Sarah turns out to deserve all the suspicion Manon directs at her; at the point of death Manon’s husband displays an admirable toughness and courage; and Manon herself wins the reader’s reluctant admiration for her bravery, her endurance, and her total lack of self-pity.

　　Perhaps the cruelest aspect of this society is the way it breaks down and distorts family affections. A slave’s baby is usually sold soon after birth; Sarah’s would-be husband, if he wants her, must buy her; and Manon herself, after all, is only the property of her husband.

　　6.Which of the following reflects Manon’s attitude towards colored people? ( )

　　A. Sympathetic

　　B. Suspicious

　　C. Concerned

　　D. Disgusted

　　7.It can be inferred from the text that the novel is written ( ).

　　A. with a mobile point of view

　　B. with a limited third person singular

　　C. from Manon’s perspective

　　D. from Sarah’s eye as a slave

　　8.According to Manon, black people should ( ).

　　A. emerge as free middle class citizens

　　B. behave submissively towards the whites

　　C. have self-respect in the mixed race marriage

　　D. learn to offer more affection to their wives

　　9.We learn that as the story develops ( ).

　　A. readers will think differently of all the characters

　　B. Manon’s husband will win back her admiration

　　C. the emotional crisis will be swiftly resolved

　　D. all the suspicion will be proved against Sarah

　　10.From the text we learn that ( ).

　　A. Manon’s husband is a nameless but bullying person

　　B. Manon is the real heroine who deserves readers’sympathy

　　C. Sarah is in fact smarter than her master Manon

　　D. Walter is a proof of the mixed race prostitution

　　Passage 3

　　I am not one who golfs. The only time I tried it I was confident that a dozen balls would be an adequate supply. This is the sport of retired people: how hard could it be? The confidence was misplaced, also, one by one, the balls, and I had to quit somewhere around the seventh hole. On the sixth, actually, I hit a car—there was absolutely no reason for a highway to be that close to a golf course—but that’s another story. The point is that the game did not yield up its mystery to me; I remain, in the golfing universe, a child of darkness. I do find that I am able to watch golf on television, however, where it is possible to experience a calmness that the game itself sadly lacks. Spread out on a couch and indifferent to the outcome (very important), you watch tiny white balls sail improbable distances over the biggest lawns in the world, interrupted occasionally by advertisements for expensive cars. One of the players is named Tiger. Another is named Love. If you have access to a bottle of Martinis (optional), the joy potential can be quite huge.

　　There is usually a price for pleasure so mindless. In the case of TV golf, it is listening to the commentators analyze the players’ swings. What looks to you like a single, continuous, and not difficult act is revealed, via slow motion and a sort of virtual-chalkboard graphics, to be a sequence of intricately measured adjustments of shoulder to hip, head to arm, elbow to wrist, and so on. Where you see fluidity, the experts see geometry; what to you is nature is machinery to them—parallel lines, extended planes, points of impact. They murder to examine. Yet, apparently, these minutes and individualized measurements make all the difference between being able reliably to land a golf ball in an area, three hundred yards away, the size of a bathmat and, say, randomly hitting a car, which, let’s face it, only a fool would drive right next to a golf course. There is a major disproportion, in other words, between the straightforwardness of the game and the fantastic precision required to play it, a disproportion mastered by a difficult but, to the ordinary observer, almost invisible technique.

　　Short stories are the same. A short story is not as restrictive as a sonnet, but, of all the literary forms, it is possibly the most single-minded. Its aim, as it was identified by the modern genre’s first theorist, Edgar Allan Poe, is to create “an effect”—by which Poe meant something almost physical, like a sensation or an extreme excitement.

　　11.The author quotes his own experience with golf to show that ( ).

　　A. things are often not so simple and easy as they seem

　　B. his experience with golf has been a frustrating failure

　　C. that experience of his offered much for his later life

　　D. apparent truths are more often than not unreliable

　　12.The author enjoys watching golf games on TV because ( ).

　　A. access to drinks makes the game more joyful

　　B. a more enjoyable view of the game is provided

　　C. he is thus unaffected by the result of the game

　　D. that is more likely real appreciation of the game

　　13.What does the author imply when he says “There is usually…so mindless”(Line 1, Paragraph 2)? ( )

　　A. Commentators often interrupt your attention.

　　B. TV golf is frequently unaffordable for many.

　　C. One needs to pay handsomely for the setting.

　　D. Some essential parts of the game are missing.

　　14.In the part succeeding the third paragraph, the author will most probably ( ).

　　A. draw an analogy between golf and short story

　　B. elaborate the “effect”of short story

　　C. show other examples similar to golf games

　　D. show impact of golf games on short story

　　15.What is the relationship between Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2? ( )

　　A. Paragraph 1 is an introduction to Paragraph 2.

　　B. Paragraph 1 provides an example for Paragraph 2.

　　C. Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2 are both supporting details.

　　D. Paragraph 2 serves as an analogy to Paragraph 1.

　　Passage 4

　　Federal Reserve Posts Record $98.7 Billion Profit to Treasury (Jan.10th, 2015)

　　The Federal Reserve said Friday it made a record $98.7 billion in profits last year, mostly from interest on the more than $4 trillion in bonds it has purchased since 2008 to stimulate the economy. Last year's profits were an increase from the $79.6 billion the Fed made in 2013. And the previous record was $88.4 billion in 2012.

　　Since 2008, the Fed has begun purchasing Treasury notes and mortgage-backed securities in a program known as quantitative easing, during the 2008 financial crisis. Many economists said the effort helped the U.S. recover from the Great Recession.

　　But it also caused the assets on the Fed's balance sheet to swell dramatically, from about $900 billion in mid-2008 to $4.5 trillion. The large amount of assets has led to concerns that the Fed could start losing money when historically low interest rates start to rise.

　　The Fed bought the bonds from banks and paid for them by adding credit to the banks' reserves, which are held at the Fed. It pays 0.25% in interest on those reserves, so in effect it borrowed money at a very low rate to buy bonds that pay about 2.5% interest.

　　Thus, rising interest rates will require the Fed to pay a higher rate on the excess reserves, which will eat into the central bank's profits — and could even lead to some losses.

　　Last year, the Fed said it earned $115.9 billion in interest on bond purchases.

　　16.What was the amount of profits used to cover the Fed’s operational costs and other work necessities last year? ( )

　　A. 98.7 billion

　　B. 115.9 billion

　　C. 17.2 billion

　　D. 0.8 billion

　　17.What happened to the Fed Reserve’s profits? ( )

　　A. The Annual profits had a consecutive growth from 2012 to 2014.

　　B. The annual profits reached its peak in 2012, with a record of 88.4 billion.

　　C. Before 2013, the amounts of annual profits were all below 80 billion.

　　D. Last year’s annual profits broke the old record by more than 10 billion.

　　18.What’s effects may interest-rising have on the Fed? ( )

　　A. The Fed’s profits will go up due to the increase of interest rate of loans to commercial banks and other financial institutions.

　　B. It may lead to some losses to the Fed since the cost of investing goes up.

　　C. The Fed may take measures to curb the rising trend of interest rate.

　　D. The Fed will invest more since the rate of return has a positive correlation with the interest rate.

　　19.Which of the followings is true according to the paragraph? ( )

　　A. The Fed is using previous profits to purchase bonds for new profits.

　　B. The Fed didn’t start to buy bonds and securities until 2008, when the crises had occurred.

　　C. There’s debate on whether the Fed should have an account surplus.

　　D. The Fed is facing a dilemma: rising the short-term interest rate and balancing its own account.

　　20.What’s the author’s attitude towards rising interest rate? ( )

　　A. Positive

　　B. Negative

　　C. Indifferent

　　D. Skeptical
　　答案及解析在下一页

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